?serfs, manants

SD français, 74

?serfs, villeins

SD, 74; SD, 74

a definition of Fayshān, a social group linked to the royal power

Avanzini 2016, 300

Angehörige eines Stammes

Müller 1963, 309

can express a relational nexus operative at various levels on the social scale; (...) 'his ḥw' refers to the top-ranking vassals of the mkrb

Beeston 1986u, 5

clan, phps specifically serf clan

Biella 1982, 169

Familien-, Stammesangehörige ≠ Untergebene, Diener

Stein 2012, 80

flock, congregation

Jamme 1985, 245

group

Avanzini 2016, 295

serfs

Beeston 1937a, 79; Arbach 2024, 39; Robin 2012, 56

serfs (?)

Robin 1996, 1102

Sippe

Preißler 2009, 314

some kind of socially inferior class (...) who were possibly in some sense 'serfs'

Beeston 1979a, 119

Stamm

Rhodokanakis 1927, 80; Höfner 1976, 11; v. Wissmann 1982, 163; Nebes 2016, 10

Stamm (?)

Arnold/Nebes 1998, 9

Stamm, Stammesangehörige

Müller 1963a, 46

Stammeshörige

Rhodokanakis 1932, 200

Stammesverband

Nebes 2016, 15

subjects

Robin 2015c, 122

sujets

Robin 2014, 162

tribù

Conti Rossini 1929-1930, 117

tribus custodum ovium, camelorum etc. significari videtur, contra dominos, ḥr

Conti Rossini 1931, 146

vassal, slave

Minäisch

ḥw

bondman

Ghūl 1993 106

esclaves

RES V 113

serfs

Beeston 1937a 79

serfs, manants

Arbach 1993 50 s.r. ?ww

servants

Avanzini 2016 300

Unfreie

Rhodokanakis 1927 99

Unfreie (?, neben Freien genannt)

Müller 1963a 46

Vasall, Sclave

Hommel 1893 123

vassaux

Bron 1998 46

DAI Ṣirwāḥ 2005-50/1, RES 3946/4, RES 3946/8

RES 4176/3